Hi, Jen,It's interesting as a lot of SD patients actually report their voices sounding better and/or it being easier to talk when they have a cold, flu, etc. It seems the swelling might help interfere w/ the spasms to some extent. So if anything it's a benefit of being sick!
Of course, SD patients are not immune to common laryngitis so perhaps that is what you are dealing with. In that case, it will run its course much like it does in the "normal" population. My only suggestion for that would be steam and rest.
I would only use an inhaler if you have some sort of asthmatic type problem w/ your lungs. This would be unrelated to SD. Opening your airways won't generally improve your voice.
Never noticed any weather factor in SD.
Good luck and feel better,
Laurie